BLOOD PRESSURE VARIATIONS THROUGH WATER WALKING EXERCISES AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE SETTINGS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2522-1795.2024.18.4.2Keywords:
water walking, blood pressure, temperature, college students, exercise programAbstract
Background and Study Aim. Regular physical activity is crucial for cardiovascular health, and water walking is emerging as a beneficial exercise, though temperature effects on blood pressure are still not well-understood. Purpose. This study aims to examine the effects of water walking exercises at different water temperatures on blood pressure among college students, assessing which temperature range offers the most significant cardiovascular benefits. Material and Methods. Forty-five male college students from SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India, participated in a 6-week water walking intervention. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups, each exercising at different pool temperatures: 24–28°C, 28–32°C, and 32–36°C. Water walking sessions were conducted three times per week, and pre- and post-intervention blood pressure measurements (systolic and diastolic) were recorded. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests to evaluate within-group differences and ANOVA to assess between-group variations. Results. Notable decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded across all temperature groups. The 24–28°C group demonstrated the most substantial decrease in systolic pressure (mean reduction of 5.467 mmHg, t = 3.21, p < 0.01). ANOVA results showed a statistically significant effect of temperature on blood pressure reduction across groups (F = 4.37, p < 0.05), with cooler temperatures yielding greater reductions in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions. Water walking at cooler temperatures appears to enhance cardiovascular benefits, effectively reducing blood pressure among college students. These findings suggest that cooler water temperatures could optimize the health benefits of water-based exercise, offering a valuable intervention strategy for blood pressure management.
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